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The cervix, normally closed during pregnancy, provides vital support to the growing fetus. Cervical insufficiency occurs when the cervix weakens prematurely, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. Indications for Cervical Stitch: Cervical stitch, or cerclage, is recommended for women at risk due to: 1. **History of Preterm Birth:** Especially in the second trimester. 2. **Previous Pregnancy Losses:** Recurrent second-trimester losses may indicate cervical strength issues. 3. **Anatomical Factors:** An unusually short cervix or other factors increasing the risk of cervical insufficiency. 4. **Previous Cervical Trauma:** Trauma or surgery, like a cone biopsy, can weaken cervical tissues. Procedure: Done between the 12th and 14th week, it involves: 1. **Evaluation:** Thorough assessment, including a pelvic exam and ultrasound, to determine candidacy. 2. **Placement of Stitch:** A stitch around the cervix for added support, either transvaginally or transabdominally. 3. **Monitoring:** Regular ultrasound and assessments post-procedure to ensure the stitch holds and pregnancy progresses well. Risks and Considerations: While generally safe, considerations include: 1. **Infection:** Strict hygiene and sterilization protocols at Sukhayu Hospital minimize infection risks. 2. **Preterm Rupture of Membranes:** Rare, but carefully considered before recommending cerclage. 3. **Cervical Laceration:** Minimal risk, managed by experienced healthcare professionals. 4. **Allergic Reactions:** Thorough medical history assessments to identify potential allergies. Sukhayu Hospital's Approach: Ensuring safety is a priority with: 1. **Expert Consultation:** Detailed evaluation considers medical history and existing risk factors. 2. **State-of-the-Art Facilities:** Advanced technology ensures precision in every aspect of the procedure. 3. **Comprehensive Monitoring:** Regular monitoring through ultrasound and diagnostic tools. 4. **Patient Education:** Detailed information empowers informed decision-making. Conclusion: Pregnancy is transformative, and Sukhayu Hospital recognizes the importance of comprehensive care. Cervical insufficiency can be managed effectively with procedures like cervical stitch. Sukhayu's expert team is committed to personalized care, advanced technologies, and prioritizing patient education for a safe journey to motherhood. For concerns, reach out to Sukhayu Hospital. They are dedicated to supporting your journey every step of the way.

Breast augmentation — also known as augmentation mammoplasty — is surgery to increase breast size. It involves placing breast implants under the breast tissue or chest muscles. For some women, breast augmentation is a way to feel more confident. For others, it's part of rebuilding the breast for various conditions. If you're considering breast augmentation, talk to our plastic surgeon. Make sure you understand what surgery involves, including possible risks, complications and follow-up care. Why it's done Breast augmentation might help you: Enhance your appearance if you think your breasts are small or that one is smaller than the other and this impacts how you dress or the type of bra needed to help with the asymmetry Adjust for a reduction in the size of your breasts after pregnancy or significant weight loss Correct uneven breasts after breast surgery for other conditions Improve your self-confidence

A Caesarean section is the delivery of a baby through a surgical incision in the abdomen and uterus. Caesarean sections can be classified as either ‘elective’ (planned) or ‘emergency’. Emergency Caesarean sections can then be subclassified into three categories, based on their urgency. This is to ensure that babies are delivered in a timely manner in accordance to their or their mother’s needs. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) recommends that when a Category 1 section is called, the baby should be born within 30 minutes (although some units would expect 20 minutes). For Category 2 sections, there is not a universally accepted time, but usual audit standards are between 60-75 minutes. Emergency Caesarean sections are most commonly for failure to progress in labour or suspected/confirmed fetal compromise.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Kidney stones are formed in the urinary tract due to the crystallization of chemical compounds in the urine. PCNL is a technique used to remove certain stones in the kidney or upper ureter (the tube that drains urine from the kidney to the bladder) that are too large for other forms of stone treatment such as shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy. The Surgery This procedure has been performed on many patients over the last several years and is an accepted standard of care for patients with kidney stones that are large, very firm, or resistant to other forms of stone treatment. As such it has replaced open operations for kidney stones in the vast majority of patients. Typically, the length of the surgery is one to two hours. The surgery is performed by making a small 1 cm incision in the patient’s flank area. A tube is placed through the incision into the kidney under x-ray guidance with the help of a C-Arm. A small telescope is then passed through the tube in order to visualize the stone, break it up and remove it from the body. If necessary a laser or other device called a lithotripter may be used to break up the stone before it can be removed. This procedure has resulted in significantly less post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays, and an earlier return to work and daily activities when compared to open stone surgery. This technique also has a higher success rate for clearing all stones in one setting than other techniques such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which often require several attempts. Potential Risks and Complications Although this procedure has proven to be very safe, as in any surgical procedure there are risks and potential complications. The safety and complication rates are similar when compared to open surgery. Potential risks include: Bleeding Infection Tissue / Organ Injury Conversion to open surgery Failure to Remove the Stone

Male circumcision is an operation to remove the foreskin that covers the tip of the penis. The functions of the foreskin include protecting the head of the penis and contributing to sexual sensations. While recent research suggests that circumcision may bring some medical benefits, some doctors believe these are too small to justify surgery. A medical circumcision is a circumcision performed to treat a disease, such as pathological phimosis (lichen sclerosis), recurrent balanitis or recurrent urinary tract infections. A request circumcision is a circumcision performed for non-medical reasons, such as parental preference, religious reasons or to potentially prevent disease at some future time.There are different methods of circumcision. Either local or general anaesthesia should always be used. The procedure involves numbing the area with local anaesthetic creams or injection. A bell-shaped instrument is inserted under the foreskin to separate it from the penis. The foreskin is then removed using scissors or a scalpel. Alternatively, circumcision can be performed as a formal surgical procedure, using dissolving sutures or tissue glue.